This error usually occurs when a transaction has been initiated for a customer from Chargebee's web interface. It indicates that the transaction failed at the gateway because the customer was deleted from Stripe.
To resolve this, delete the card on file in Chargebee and update the card for the customer. This will recreate the customer profile in Stripe.
You could verify the cause of the error by checking for an error with the method DELETE and matching the URL /v1/customerID in your Stripe transaction logs. Find screenshots below for your reference.